Tim Spalding谈LibraryThing和图书馆(员)

    因为LibraryThing个人在线目录新推出以“作品”集中图书的方式,引起国外一些FRBR的图林博客的兴趣。LibraryThing拥有者Tim Spalding在FRBR Blog和See Also下留言,谈到LibraryThing的“作品”组合方法是“什么”、不是“什么”:

  • It’s Wikipedia, not Britannica.
    是《维基百科》,不是《不列颠百科全书》。(有规则,但由众人共同参与,而不是由权威决定)
  • It&aposs Del.icio.us not Google.
    是“美味书签”,不是Google。(由众人共同参与,而不是由机器算法决定)

    See Also说起LibraryThing的“作品”好似盗版了FRBR。虽然Tim在FRBR Blog留言中说那是开玩笑,但仍在See Also博文的留言中,“嘲弄”了一番图书馆、图书馆员:

  • I am well aware that books can be related to each other in an extraordinary number of ways. Librarians shouldn&apost imagine FRBR or any other system captures them all either.
    我很清楚图书能够以相当多的途径互相关联。图书馆员也不应当想象FRBR或任何其他系统能全部掌控这些途径。
  • LibraryThing&aposs understanding of relatedness is designed to compliment its explicitly user- and social-centered goal. That too is pretty novel; traditional cataloging is author- and publisher-centered.
    LibraryThing对关联性的理解被设计达到其明确的“用户与社会性为中心”的目标。这也是相当新颖的。传统编目是“以作者、出版者为中心的”。
  • I considered using the ISBNx project as a base. … I just wanted to try something new. … public cataloging is not bad cataloging. The people who really KNOW Asimov are his fans.
    我考虑过使用[OCLC的]ISBNx项目作为一个基础…[但]我只是想要尝试一些新的…公众编目是不差的编目。[LibraryThing的用户]确实“了解”阿西莫夫,是他的粉丝。

关于最后一点,Tim在说明LibraryThing系统新功能的博文中不无自豪地举了这样一个用户提出的例子:

  • Isaac Asimov&aposs Nightfall the short story collection, is distinct from Nightfall the novel and from Nightfall One. Do libraries know that? Does Amazon?
    阿西莫夫的短篇小说集《黄昏》不同于小说《黄昏》与《黄昏I》。图书馆知道吗?亚马逊呢?

而他这篇博文的标题正是:每个人都是图书馆员。

参见:
The FRBR Blog: LibraryThing has works (2006/2/22)

See Also (Steve Lawson): LibraryThing Reverse Engineering FRBR? (2006/2/23)

LibraryThing Blog: LibraryThing leaps forward: Everyone a librarian (2006/2/23)

 

FRBR 2.0?

    从Web 2.0到Library 2.0,现在FRBR也要2.0 ?
    FRBR从1997年得到批准,到明年就是十年了。一些相关研究发现该模型在实施中存在一些问题,FRBR博客的主人William Denton在IFLA-L邮件组中提出是否需要修订FRBR的问题:

Are there any plans, or is it expected that, FRBR will be revised?  Next fall it will be ten years (!) since the final report was made.  Since 1997 there have been implementations that have turned up difficulties with the model and as it&aposs become better known it&aposs been exposed to some good critical thought and applied in many different areas.

There are working groups on aggregates (which are hard to handle) and expressions (which cause confusion) and harmonization with CIDOC&aposs Conceptual Reference Model (which I think will lead to an object-oriented FRBR).  Functional Requirements for Authority Records was out for comment and that group is thinking about them now, and Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records is underway.  AACR is being turned into the FRBRish Resource Description and Access.

That&aposs a lot of work going on.  When these groups have finished their work, will everything be brought together, all the problems resolved or at least clarified with suggested solutions, and something like FRBR 2.0 issued?  The minutes of the August Review Group&aposs meeting in Oslo say, “Given the importance of the topics to be addressed, the newly formed WG on Aggregates will presumably prove to be a major element in the RG]&aposs policy for the two years to come.”  What&aposll happen after that?  I&aposm curious.

 

相关信息:

国际博物馆理事会文献委员会的概念参考模型:CIDOC&aposs Conceptual Reference Model
该模型的各种版本,最新为4.2版:Official Release of the CIDOC CRM
网站中还有一个内部的维基论坛:WIKI Forum
该模型未来将成为ISO标准:
ISO/DIS 21127信息与文献――用于文化遗产信息交换的参考本体(Information and documentation — A reference ontology for the interchange of cultural heritage information

 

FRBR家族未来的第三个成员――FRSAR

1992年,《书目记录的功能需求》(FRBR)开始研制,1997年得到批准,1998年正式出版。
1999年,开始依照FRBR模式研制《规范记录的功能需求》(FRAR),2005年6月公示。
2005年4月,一个新的工作组成立,准备制定《主题规范记录的功能需求》(Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records, FRSAR

FRBR将书目描述的实体分为三组,第一组实体为产品(作品、、内容表达、载体表现和文献单元) ,第二组实体为责任(个人、团体),第三组实体为附加的主题(概念、对象、事件、地点)。
第一组实体是书目记录的对象。尽管目前书目记录的描述对象仍限于载体表现,但以目前FRBR的风行,未来按分级方式描述对象――第一级作品、第二级内容表达、第三级才描述载体表现――也是很可能的。
后两组实体是书目记录中的标目部分,第二组实体是需要由“规范”系统加以控制的名称规范,第三组实体是需要由主题词表、分类法控制的主题规范(另外也包括作为研究对象的名称与题名的规范)。FRAR之后,接着研制FRSAR,也是顺理成章的事。

《主题规范记录的功能需求》(FRSAR)的研究范围:

  • 建立一个FRBR框架中第三组实体(作品内容)的概念模型
  • 提供明确定义的结构框架,关联主题规范记录中的数据与用户需求
  • 帮助评价主题规范数据在图书馆界内外国际共享的潜力

工作组主席Marcia Lei Zeng(曾蕾),她的主页:http://www.slis.kent.edu/~mzeng/

相关链接:
FRBR Review Group(http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/wgfrbr/wgfrbr.htm
Working Group on FRANAR(http://www.ifla.org/VII/d4/wg-franar.htm
Working Group FRSAR(http://www.ifla.org/VII/s29/wgfrsar.htm
(这三个组,分别属于IFLA的编目专业组、书目控制部与分类标引专业组。书目控制部下属有书目、编目、分类标引与知识管理专业组)

参见:
《规范记录的功能需求》(FRAR)新鲜出炉
书目记录四种实体的汉译

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2010-1-2更新:现更名Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (FRSAD)草案公示已于2009731日结束